Karat vs purity — what's the difference?
'Karat' is a fraction of 24 — 24K is 100% gold (in practice 99.9%), 18K is 18/24ths (75%), and so on. 'Fineness' is the same thing expressed in parts-per-thousand: 999 = 24K, 916 = 22K, 750 = 18K, 585 = 14K, 417 = 10K. The number stamped on a hallmark always means the same thing.
Which karat where?
- 24K / 9999: investment bars worldwide. SJC (Vietnam), CGSE (Hong Kong), Chow Tai Fook 9999 jewellery.
- 22K / 916: India, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand (96.5%). Bridal and resale-grade jewellery.
- 21K / 875: UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain. The Gulf 'Khaleeji' standard.
- 18K / 750: Europe, US, Hong Kong fine jewellery. Cartier, Tiffany, Bulgari.
- 14K / 585: US mid-range. Common in mall-grade jewellery, engagement rings.
- 10K / 417: US budget jewellery. Below 9K isn't legally 'gold' in most countries.